Self-Healing Nanotextured Vascular Engineering Materials (Advanced Structured Materials) (en Inglés)
Reseña del libro "Self-Healing Nanotextured Vascular Engineering Materials (Advanced Structured Materials) (en Inglés)"
The book begins with the Introduction, which provides an overview of the existing self-healing approaches and traces them back to naturally healing tissues of human tissue and bone. Thus, the idea of biomimetic approach for the development of self-healing engineering materials is introduced. The first biomimetically derived approach to composite engineering materials was based on microcapsules that contained healing agents, which were released by the propagating cracks, thus healing the cracks. The benefits and drawbacks of the microcapsule-based approach are discussed, namely, the relatively large scale of such microcapsules and the difficulties in their manufacturing, which drove the development of nanotextured vascular composites. These composites are based on core?shell nanofiber networks filled with healing agents, which can be released by the propagation of cracks to heal these cracks. These nanotextured vascular self-healing materials are the main focus of the present book. The Introduction is followed by four parts, each comprising several sections. Part I begins with a description of the healing agents used in engineering self-healing materials (Section 2). This section of Part I is mostly chemical in nature. The following Section 3 is devoted to the fundamental physicochemical phenomena accompanying self-healing, namely the spreading of the released drops of healing agents, their mixing, and the stitching of the cracks. This Section involves some theory regarding drop spreading and imbibition in porous nanofiber mats, as well as experimental observations employing macroscopic models of self-healing materials.Part II of the book addresses the fabrication methods used to form core?shell nanofiber mats, with the cores containing healing agents. These methods are namely electrospinning and co-electrospinning, emulsion spinning, solution blowing, etc. (Section 4). In Section 5, the characterization methods used to detect the presence, release, polymerization and solidification of the encaged healing agents on the nanometer scale are described.The following Part III begins with Section 6, where the fundamental theoretical aspects of fracture mechanics are outlined. Namely, a brief theoretical description of cracks in brittle elastic materials is given and the fundamentals of the Griffith approach based on the surface energy are introduced. The fracture toughness of Mode I, II, and III cracks is described, including viscoelastic effects. Critical (catastrophic) and subcritical (fatigue) cracks and their growth are also described theoretically. The adhesion and cohesion energies are introduced as well, and the theory of the blister test for the two limiting cases of stiff and soft materials is developed. In addition, the effect of non-self-healing nanofiber mats on the toughening of ply surfaces in composites is discussed. Then, in Section 7 in Part III, the experimental data acquired with self-healing nanotextured vascular materials in tensile tests are discussed. Blister and impact tests, as well as the results on the interfacial toughening associated with nanofibers are the focus of Section 8. The interpretation of the results of blister tests is based on the previously introduced theory and allows the elucidation of the extent to which such mechanical properties as stiffness and the adhesion/cohesion energy are restored in self-healing nanotextured vascular materials. Double-cantilever beam and bending tests are also discussed in this section. Part IV begins with Section 9, which contains a brief description of the electrochemical theory of corrosion crack growth. Then, the discussion turns to representative extrinsic self-healing techniques developed in the last decade, with focus on the capsule-based (Section 9) and nanofiber-based self-healing approaches (Section 10) being in focus. Such physicochemical approaches are expected to effectively replace or supplement existing corrosion-protection methods. An overview of the corrosion protection in the self-healing extrinsic nanotextured vascular engineering materials formed using the capsule-based and nanofiber-based self-healing approaches is given. The final Section 11 of the book is devoted to future perspectives, with the current limitations being highlighted and attractive directions for future research discussed. These directions hold great promise for the further improvement of extrinsic self-healing techniques for the recovery of mechanical properties and corrosion protection, and their industrial scalability.Each Section in the book can be read by itself. A wide range of relevant references to existing literature are included at the ends of each Section. This does not preclude the discussion of all topics in the book in a sufficiently self-contained, detailed, and in-depth manner. This book is intended as a comprehensive guide in the field of self-healing nanotextured vascular materials for senior-year undergraduate students, graduate students, researchers, engineers, and practitioners in industry. The reader can benefit from previous exposure to the fundamentals of chemistry, fluid and solid mechanics, and electrochemistry. However, if the reader has not been introduced to these topics, all necessary concepts are briefly but thoroughly introduced in the appropriate sections. Investigators from the following different fields are addressed: materials science, aerospace engineering, automotive and chemical engineering, production, as well as polymer science, and fluid and solid mechanics. The book may be of special importance to researchers and engineers interested in the development of novel self-healing engineering materials, because they can benefit from its in-depth and comprehensive exposition of physicochemical and mechanical fundamentals relevant to materials development.
